Geoffrey Chaucer - The Clerk's Tale (in Middle English) lyrics

Heere bigynneth the Tale of the Clerk of Oxenford. Ther is, at the west syde of Ytaille, Doun at the roote of Vesulus the colde, A lusty playne, habundant of vitaille, Where many a tour and toun thou mayst biholde That founded were in tyme of fadres olde, And many another delitable sighte, And Saluces this noble contree highte. A markys whilom lord was of that lond, As were his worthy eldres hym bifore, And obeisant and redy to his hond Were alle his liges, bothe la**e and moore. Thus in delit he lyveth, and hath doon yoore, Biloved and drad thurgh favour of Fortune, Bothe of his lordes and of his commune. Therwith he was, to speke as of lynage, The gentilleste yborn of Lumbardye; A fair persone, and strong, and yong of age, And ful of honour and of curteisye, Discreet ynogh his contree for to gye, Save that in somme thynges that he was to blame, And Walter was this yonge lordes name. I blame hym thus, that he considereth noght In tyme comynge what hym myghte bityde, But in his lust present was al his thoght, As for to hauke and hunte on every syde. Wel ny alle othere cures leet he slyde; And eek he nolde - and that was worst of alle - Wedde no wyf, for noght that may bifalle. Oonly that point his peple bar so soore, That flokmeele on a day they to hym wente, And oon of hem, that wisest was of loore - Or elles that the lord best wolde a**ente, That he sholde telle hym what his peple mente, Or elles koude he shewe wel swich mateere - He to the markys seyde as ye shul heere: "O noble Markys, youre humanitee Asseureth us, and yeveth us hardinesse, As ofte as tyme is of necessitee That we to yow mowe telle oure hevynesse. Accepteth, lord, now for youre gentillesse That we with pitous herte unto yow pleyne, And lat youre eres nat my voys desdeyne. Al have I noght to doone in this mateere Moore than another man hath in this place; Yet for as muche as ye, my lord so deere, Han alwey shewed me favour and grace, I dar the bettre aske of yow a space Of audience to shewen oure requeste, And ye, my lord, to doon right as yow leste. For certes, lord, so wel us liketh yow And al youre werk, and evere han doon that we Ne koude nat us-self devysen how We myghte lyven in moore felicitee, Save o thyng, lord, if it youre wille be, That for to been a wedded man yow leste, Thanne were youre peple in sovereyn hertes reste. Boweth youre nekke under that blisful yok Of soveraynetee, noght of servyse, Which that men clepeth spousaille or wedlock; And thenketh, lord, among youre thoghtes wyse How that oure dayes pa**e in sondry wyse, For thogh we slepe, or wake, or rome, or ryde, Ay fleeth the tyme, it nyl no man abyde. And thogh youre grene youthe floure as yit, In crepeth age alwey, as stille as stoon, And deeth manaceth every age, and smyt In ech estaat, for ther escapeth noon; And al so certein as we knowe echoon That we shul deye, as uncerteyn we alle Been of that day, whan deeth shal on us falle. Accepteth thanne of us the trewe entente That nevere yet refuseden thyn heeste; And we wol, lord, if that ye wole a**ente, Chese yow a wyf in short tyme atte leeste, Born of the gentilleste and of the meeste Of al this land, so that it oghte seme Honour to God, and yow, as we kan deeme. Delivere us out of al this bisy drede, And taak a wyf for hye Goddes sake, For if it so bifelle, as God forbede, That thurgh your deeth your lyne sholde slake, And that a straunge successour sholde take Youre heritage, o wo were us alyve! Wherfore we pray you hastily to wyve." Hir meeke preyere and hir pitous cheere Made the markys herte han pitee. "Ye wol," quod he, "myn owene peple deere, To that I nevere erst thoughte, streyne me. I me rejoysed of my liberte, That seelde tyme is founde in mariage. Ther I was free, I moot been in servage. But nathelees I se youre trewe entente, And truste upon youre wit, and have doon at; Wherfore of my free wyl I wole a**ente To wedde me, as soone as evere I may. But ther as ye han profred me to-day To chese me a wyf, I yow relesse That choys, and prey yow of that profre cesse. For God it woot, that children ofte been Unlyk hir worthy eldres hem bifore. Bountee comth al of God, nat of the streen, Of which they been engendred and ybore. I truste in Goddes bountee; and therfore My mariage, and myn estaat and reste, I hym bitake, he may doon as hym leste. Lat me allone in chesynge of my wyf, That charge upon my bak I wole endure; But I yow preye, and charge upon youre lyf What wyf that I take, ye me a**ure To worshipe hir, whil that hir lyf may dure, In word and werk, bothe heere and everywheere, As she an emperoures doghter weere. And forthermoore, this shal ye swere, that ye Agayn my choys shul neither grucche ne stryve, For sith I shal forgoon my libertee At youre requeste, as evere moot I thryve, Ther as myn herte is set, ther wol I wyve! And but ye wole a**ente in this manere, I prey yow, speketh namoore of this matere." With hertely wyl they sworen and a**enten To al this thyng, ther seyde no wight nay, Bisekynge hym of grace er that they wenten, That he wolde graunten hem a certein day Of his spousaille, as soone as evere he may, For yet alwey the peple somwhat dredde Lest that this markys no wyf wolde wedde. He graunted hem a day, swich as hym leste, On which he wolde be wedded sikerly, And seyde he dide al this at hir requeste; And they with humble entente, buxomly, Knelynge upon hir knees ful reverently Hym thonken alle, and thus they han an ende Of hir entente, and hoom agayn they wende. And heerupon he to hise officeres Comaundeth for the feste to purveye, And to hise privee knyghtes and squieres Swich charge yaf, as hym liste on hem leye. And they to his comandement obeye, And ech of hem dooth al his diligence To doon unto the feeste reverence. Explicit prima pars. (Here ends the first part) Incipit secunda pars. Here begins the second part Noght fer fro thilke paleys honurable Ther as this markys shoop his mariage, Ther stood a throop, of site delitable, In which that povre folk of that village Hadden hir beestes and hir herbergage, And of hir lobour tooke hir sustenance, After that the erthe yaf hem habundance. Amonges thise povre folk ther dwelte a man Which that was holden povrest of hem alle; But hye God somtyme senden kan His grace into a litel oxes stalle Janicula men of that throop hym calle. A doghter hadde he, fair ynogh to sighte, And Grisildis this yonge mayden highte. But for to speke of vertuous beautee, Thanne was she oon the faireste under sonne, For povreliche yfostred up was she, No likerous lust was thurgh hir herte yronne. Wel ofter of the welle than of the tonne She drank, and for she wolde vertu plese She knew wel labour but noon ydel ese. But thogh this mayde tendre were of age, Yet in the brest of hire virginitee Ther was enclosed rype and sad corage; And in greet reverence and charitee Hir olde povre fader fostred shee. A fewe sheepe, spynnynge on feeld she kepte, She wolde noght been ydel, til she slepte. And whan she homward cam, she wolde brynge Wortes, or othere herbes tymes ofte, The whiche she shredde and seeth for hir lyvynge, And made hir bed ful harde and no thyng softe; And ay she kepte hir fadres lyf on lofte With everich obeisaunce and diligence That child may doon to fadres reverence. Upon Grisilde, this povre creature, Ful ofte sithe this markys caste his ye, As he on huntyng rood paraventure. And whan it fil that he myghte hire espye, He noght with wantowne lookyng of folye His eyen caste on hir, but in sad wyse, Upon hir chiere he wolde hym ofte avyse, Commendynge in his herte hir wommanhede And eek hir vertu, pa**ynge any wight Of so yong age, as wel in chiere as dede. For thogh the peple hadde no greet insight In vertu, he considered ful right Hir bountee, and disposed that he wolde Wedde hir oonly, if evere he wedde sholde. The day of weddyng cam, but no wight kan Telle what womman that it sholde be, For which merveille wondred many a man, And seyden, whan that they were in privetee, "Wol nat oure lord yet leve his vanytee? Wol he nat wedde? Allas, allas, the while! Why wole he thus hymself and us bigile?" But nathelees this markys hath doon make O gemmes set in gold and in asure Brooches and rynges, for Grisildis sake, And of hir clothyng took he the mesure, By a mayde lyk to hir stature, And eek of othere aornementes alle That unto swich a weddyng sholde falle. The time of undren of the same day Approcheth, that this weddyng sholde be; And al the paleys put was in array, Bothe halle and chambres, ech in his degree; Houses of office stuffed with plentee Ther maystow seen, of deyntevous vitaille, That may be founde as fer as last Ytaille. This roial markys, richely arrayed, Lordes and ladyes in his compaignye, The whiche that to the feeste weren yprayed, And of his retenue the bachelrye, With many a soun of sondry melodye Unto the village, of the which I tolde, In this array the righte wey han holde. Grisilde of this, God woot, ful innocent, That for hir shapen was al this array, To fecchen water at a welle is went, And cometh hoom as soone as ever she may; For wel she hadde herd seyd, that thilke day The markys sholde wedde, and if she myghte, She wolde fayn han seyn som of that sighte. She thoghte, "I wole with othere maydens stonde, That been my felawes, in oure dore, and se The markysesse, and therfore wol I fonde To doon at hoom as soone as it may be The labour, which that longeth unto me, And thanne I may at leyser hir biholde, If she this wey unto the castel holde." And as she wolde over hir thresshfold gon The markys cam and gan hire for to calle, And she set doun hir water pot anon Biside the thresshfold in an oxes stalle, And doun up-on hir knes she gan to falle, And with sad contenance kneleth stille, Til she had herd what was the lordes wille. This thoghtful markys spak unto this mayde Ful sobrely, and seyde in this manere, "Where is youre fader, O Grisildis?" he sayde, And she with reverence in humble cheere Answerde, "Lord, he is al redy heere." And in she gooth, withouten lenger lette, And to the markys she hir fader fette. He by the hand thanne took this olde man, And seyde thus, whan he hym hadde asyde, "Janicula, I neither may ne kan Lenger the plesance of myn herte hyde; If that thou vouch sauf, what so bityde, Thy doghter wol I take, er that I wende, As for my wyf unto hir lyves ende. Thou lovest me, I woot it wel certeyn, And art my feithful lige man ybore, And all that liketh me, I dar wel seyn, It liketh thee; and specially therfore Tel me that poynt that I have seyd bifore, If that thou wolt unto that purpos drawe, To take me as for thy sone-in-lawe." This sodeyn cas this man astonyed so, That reed he wax; abayst and al quakyng He stood, unnethes seyde he wordes mo, But oonly thus, "Lord," quod he, "my willynge Is as ye wole, ne ayeyns youre likynge I wol no thyng, ye be my lord so deere; Right as yow lust governeth this mateere." "Yet wol I," quod this markys softely, "That in thy chambre I and thou and she Have a collacioun, and wostow why? For I wol axe, if it hir wille be To be my wyf, and reule hir after me; And al this shal be doon in thy presence, I wol noght speke out of thyn audience." And in the chambre whil they were aboute Hir tretys which as ye shal after heere, The peple cam unto the hous withoute, And wondred hem in how honeste manere And tentifly she kepte hir fader deere. But outrely Grisildis wondre myghte For nevere erst ne saugh she swich a sighte. No wonder is thogh that she were astoned To seen so greet a grest come in that place; She nevere was to swiche gestes woned, For which she looked with ful pale face- But shortly forth this tale for to chace, Thise arn the wordes that the markys sayde To this benigne verray feithful mayde. "Grisilde," he seyde, "ye shal wel understonde It liketh to youre fader and to me That I yow wedde, and eek it may so stonde, As, I suppose, ye wol that it so be. But thise demandes axe I first," quod he, "That sith it shal be doon in hastif wyse, Wol ye a**ente, or elles yow avyse? I seye this, be ye redy with good herte To al my lust, and that I frely may, As me best thynketh, do yow laughe or smerte, And nevere ye to grucche it nyght ne day, And eek whan I sey ye, ne sey nat nay, Neither by word, ne frownyng contenance? Swere this, and heere I swere yow alliance." Wondrynge upon this word, quakynge for drede, She seyde, "Lord, undigne and unworthy Am I to thilke honour, that ye me beede, But as ye wole yourself, right so wol I. And heere I swere, that nevere willyngly In werk ne thoght I nyl yow disobeye, For to be deed, though me were looth to deye." "This is ynogh, Grisilde myn," quod he, And forth he gooth with a ful sobre cheere Out at the dore, and after that cam she; And to the peple he seyde in this manere, "This is my wyf," quod he, "that standeth heere; Honoureth hir, and loveth hir, I preye, Whoso me loveth; ther is namoore to seye." And for that nothyng of hir olde geere She sholde brynge into his hous, he bad That wommen sholde dispoillen hir right theere;- Of which thise ladyes were nat right glad To handle hir clothes, wherinne she was clad. But nathelees, this mayde bright of hewe Fro foot to heed they clothed han al newe. Hir heris han they kembd, that lay untressed Ful rudely, and with hir fyngres smale A corone on hir heed they han ydressed, And sette hir ful of nowches grete and smale. Of hire array what sholde I make a tale? Unnethe the peple hire knew for hir fairnesse Whan she translated was in swich richesse. This markys hath hir spoused with a ryng Broght for the same cause, and thanne hir sette Upon an hors, snow-whit and wel amblyng, And to his paleys, er he lenger lette, With joyful peple that hir ladde and mette Conveyed hire; and thus the day they spende In revel, til the sonne gan descende. And shortly forth this tale for to chace, I seye, that to this newe markysesse God hath swich favour sent hir of his grace, That it ne semed nat by liklynesse That she was born and fed in rudenesse As in a cote or in an oxe-stalle, But norissed in an emperoures halle. To every wight she woxen is so deere And worshipful, that folk ther she was bore And from hir birthe knewe hir yeer by yeere, Unnethe trowed they, - but dorste han swore - That she to Janicle, of which I spak bifore, She doghter nere, for as by conjecture, Hem thoughte she was another creature. For though that evere vertuous was she, She was encressed in swich excellence, Of thewes goode, yset in heigh bountee, And so discreet and fair of eloquence, So benigne, and so digne of reverence, And koude so the peples herte embrace, That ech hir lovede, that looked on hir face. Noght oonly of Saluces in the toun Publiced was the bountee of hir name, But eek biside in many a regioun, If oon seide wel, another seyde the same; So spradde of hir heighe bountee the fame That men and wommen, as wel yonge as olde, Goon to Saluce upon hir to biholde. Thus Walter lowely, nay! but roially Wedded with fortunat honestetee, In Goddes pees lyveth ful esily At hoom, and outward grace ynogh had he, And for he saugh that under low degree Was ofte vertu hid, the peple hym heelde A prudent man, and that is seyn ful seelde. Nat oonly this Grisildis thurgh hir wit Koude al the feet of wyfly humblenesse, But eek, whan that the cas required it, The commune profit koude she redresse. Ther nas discord, rancour, ne hevynesse In al that land, that she ne koude apese, And wisely brynge hem alle in reste and ese. Though that hir housbonde absent were anon If gentil men, or othere of hir contree Were wrothe, she wolde bryngen hem aton. So wise and rype wordes hadde she, And juggementz of so greet equitee, That she from hevene sent was, as men wende, Peple to save and every wrong tamende. Nat longe tyme after that this Grisild Was wedded, she a doghter hath ybore- Al had hir levere have born a man child; Glad was this markys and the folk therfore, For though a mayde child coome al bifore, She may unto a knave child atteyne By liklihede, syn she nys nat bareyne. Explicit secunda pars. Here ends the second part Incipit tercia pars. Here begins the third part Ther fil, as it bifalleth tymes mo, Whan that this child had souked but a throwe, This markys in his herte longeth so To tempte his wyf, hir sadnesse for to knowe, That he ne myghte out of his herte throwe This merveillous desir his wyf t'a**aye. Nedelees, God woot, he thoghte hir for t'affraye. He hadde a**ayed hir ynogh bifore, And foond hir evere good; what neded it Hir for to tempte and alwey moore and moore? Though som men preise it for a subtil wit, But as for me, I seye that yvele it sit To a**aye a wyf, whan that it is no nede, And putten hir in angwyssh and in drede. For which this markys wroghte in this manere; He cam allone a-nyght, ther as she lay, With stierne face and with ful trouble cheere, And seyde thus, "Grisilde," quod he, "that day That I yow took out of your povere array, And putte yow in estaat of heigh noblesse, - Ye have nat that forgeten, as I gesse. I seye, Grisilde, this present dignitee In which that I have put yow, as I trowe Maketh yow nat foryetful for to be That I yow took in povre estaat ful lowe For any wele ye moot youreselven knowe. Taak heede of every word that y yow seye, Ther is no wight that hereth it but we tweye. Ye woot yourself wel how that ye cam heere Into this hous, it is nat longe ago. And though to me that ye be lief and deere, Unto my gentils ye be no thyng so. They seyn, to hem it is greet shame and wo For to be subgetz, and to been in servage, To thee, that born art of a smal village. And namely, sith thy doghter was ybore, Thise wordes han they spoken, doutelees; But I desire, as I have doon bifore, To lyve my lyf with hem in reste and pees. I may nat in this caas be recchelees; I moot doon with thy doghter for the beste, Nat as I wolde, but as my peple leste. And yet God woot, this is ful looth to me; But nathelees, withoute youre wityng I wol nat doon, but this wol I," quod he, "That ye to me a**ente as in this thyng. Shewe now youre pacience in youre werkyng, That ye me highte and swore in youre village, That day that maked was oure mariage." Whan she had herd al this, she noght ameved Neither in word, or chiere, or countenaunce; For as it semed she was nat agreved. She seyde, "Lord, al lyth in youre plesaunce, My child, and I, with hertely obeisaunce Been youres al, and ye mowe save and spille Youre owene thyng, werketh after youre wille. Ther may no thyng, God so my soule save, Liken to yow, that may displese me, Ne I ne desire no thyng for to have, Ne drede for to leese, save oonly yee; This wyl is in myn herte, and ay shal be; No lengthe of tyme or deeth may this deface, Ne chaunge my corage to another place." Glad was this markys of hir answeryng, But yet he feyned as he were nat so. Al drery was his cheere and his lookyng, Whan that he sholde out of the chambre go. Soone after this, a furlong wey or two, He prively hath toold al his entente Unto a man, and to his wyf hym sente. A maner sergeant was this privee man, The which that feithful ofte he founden hadde In thynges grete, and eek swich folk wel kan Doon execucioun on thynges badde. The lord knew wel that he hym loved and dradde;- And whan this sergeant wiste the lordes wille, Into the chambre he stalked hym ful stille. "Madame," he seyde, "ye moote foryeve it me, Though I do thyng to which I am constreyned, Ye been so wys, that ful wel knowe ye That lordes heestes mowe nat been yfeyned, They mowe wel been biwailled and compleyned, But men moote nede unto hir lust obeye; And so wol I, ther is namoore to seye. This child I am comanded for to take." And spak namoore, but out the child he hente Despitously, and gan a cheere make As though he wolde han slayn it er he wente. Grisildis moot al suffren and consente; And as a lamb she sitteth meke and stille, And leet this crueel sergeant doon his wille. Suspecious was the diffame of this man, Suspect his face, suspect his word also, Suspect the tyme in which he this bigan. Allas, hir doghter that she loved so! She wende he wolde han slawen it right tho; But nathelees she neither weep ne syked, Conformynge hir to that the markys lyked. But atte laste speken she bigan, And mekely she to the sergeant preyde, So as he was a worthy gentil man, That she moste kisse hire child, er that it deyde, And in hir barm this litel child she leyde, With ful sad face, and gan the child to kisse, And lulled it, and after gan it blisse. And thus she seyde in hir benigne voys, "Fareweel, my child, I shal thee nevere see, But sith I thee have marked with the croys Of thilke Fader blessed moote thou be, That for us deyde upon a croys of tree. Thy soule, litel child, I hym bitake, For this nyght shaltow dyen for my sake." I trowe, that to a norice in this cas It had been hard this reuthe for to se; Wel myghte a mooder thanne han cryd `allas!' But nathelees so sad and stidefast was she, That she endured al adversitee, And to the sergeant mekely she sayde, "Have heer agayn your litel yonge mayde." "Gooth now," quod she, "and dooth my lordes heeste; But o thyng wol I prey yow of youre grace, That, but my lord forbad yow atte leeste, Burieth this litel body in son place That beestes ne no briddes it torace." But he no word wol to that purpos seye, But took the child, and wente upon his weye. This sergeant cam unto his lord ageyn, And of Grisildis wordes and hire cheere He tolde hym point for point, in short and pleyn, And hym presenteth with his doghter deere. Somwhat this lord hath routhe in his manere, But nathelees his purpos heeld he stille, As lordes doon whan they wol han hir wille; And bad his sergeant, that he pryvely Sholde this child ful softe wynde and wrappe, With alle circumstances tendrely, And carie it in a cofre or in a lappe, But, upon peyne his heed of for to swappe That no man sholde knowe of his entente, Ne whenne he cam, ne whider that he wente. But at Boloigne to his suster deere, That thilke tyme of Panik was countesse, He sholde it take, and shewe hir this mateere, Bisekynge hir to doon hir bisynesse This child to fostre in alle gentillesse, And whos child that it was, he bad hire hyde From every wight, for oght that may bityde. The sergeant gooth, and hath fulfild this thyng, But to this markys now retourne we, For now gooth he ful faste ymaginyng, If by his wyves cheere he myghte se Or by hir word aperceyve that she Were chaunged, but he nevere hir koude fynde, But evere in oon ylike sad and kynde. As glad, as humble, as bisy in servyse, And eek in love, as she was wont to be, Was she to hym in every maner wyse, Ne of hir doghter noght a word spak she. Noon accident for noon adversitee Was seyn in hire, ne nevere hir doghter name Ne nempned she, in ernest nor in game. Explicit tercia pars. Here ends the third part Sequitur pars quarta. Here follows the fourth part In this estaat ther pa**ed been foure yeer Er she with childe was; but as God wolde, A knave child she bar by this Walter, Ful gracious and fair for to biholde. And whan that folk it to his fader tolde, Nat oonly he, but al his contree, merye Was for this child, and God they thanke and herye. Whan it was two yeer old, and fro the brest Departed of his norice, on a day This markys caughte yet another lest To tempte his wyf yet ofter if he may. O, nedelees was she tempted in a**ay! But wedded men ne knowe no mesure, Whan that they fynde a pacient creature. "Wyf," quod this markys, "ye han herd er this My peple sikly berth oure mariage; And namely sith my sone yboren is, Now is it worse than evere in al oure age. The murmur sleeth myn herte and my corage, For to myne eres comth the voys so smeerte, That it wel ny destroyed hath myn herte. Now sey they thus, `whan Walter is agon, Thanne shal the blood of Janicle succede, And been oure lord, for oother have we noon.' Swiche wordes seith my peple, out of drede, Wel oughte I of swich murmur taken heede, For certeinly I drede swich sentence, Though they nat pleyn speke in myn audience. I wolde lyve in pees, if that I myghte; Wherfore I am disposed outrely As I his suster servede by nyghte, Right so thenke I to serve hym pryvely. This warne I yow, that ye nat sodeynly Out of yourself for no wo sholde outreye. Beth pacient, and therof I yow preye." "I have," quod she, "seyd thus, and evere shal, I wol no thyng, ne nyl no thyng, certayn, But as yow list. Naught greveth me at al Though that my doughter and my sone be slayn- At youre comandement, this is to sayn. I have noght had no part of children tweyne But first siknesse, and after wo and peyne. Ye been oure lord, dooth with your owene thyng Right as yow list, axeth no reed at me; For as I lefte at hoom al my clothyng, Whan I first cam to yow, right so," quod she, "Lefte I my wyl and al my libertee, And took youre clothyng, wherfore I yow preye, Dooth youre plesaunce; I wol youre lust obeye. And certes, if I hadde prescience Youre wyl to knowe, er ye youre lust me tolde, I wolde it doon withouten necligence. But now I woot your lust and what ye wolde, Al youre plesance ferme and stable I holde, For wiste I that my deeth wolde do yow ese, Right gladly wolde I dyen yow to plese. Deth may noght make no comparisoun Unto youre love!" and whan this markys say The constance of his wyf, he caste adoun His eyen two, and wondreth that she may In pacience suffre al this array; And forth he goth with drery contenance, But ot his herte it was ful greet plesance. This ugly sergeant, in the same wyse That he hir doghter caughte, right so he Or worse, if men worse kan devyse, Hath hent hire sone, that ful was of beautee, And evere in oon so pacient was she, That she no chiere maade of hevynesse, But kiste hir sone, and after gan it blesse. Save this, she preyde hym, that if he myghte, Hir litel sone he wolde in erthe grave His tendre lymes, delicaat to sighte, Fro foweles and fro beestes for to save. But she noon answere of hym myghte have, He wente his wey, as hym nothyng ne roghte, But to Boloigne he tendrely it broghte. This markys wondred evere lenger the moore Upon hir pacience, and if that he Ne hadde soothly knowen therbifoore That parfitly hir children loved she, He wolde have wend that of som subtiltee, And of malice, or for crueel corage, That she hadde suffred this with sad visage. But wel he knew that next hymself, certayn, She loved hir children best in every wyse; But now of wommen wolde I axen fayn, If thise a**ayes myghte nat suffise, What koude a sturdy housbonde moore devyse To preeve hire wyfhod or hir stedefastnesse, And he continuynge evere in sturdinesse? But ther been folk of swich condicioun That whan they have a certein purpos take They kan nat stynte of hir entencioun, But right as they were bounden to that stake They wol nat of that firste purpos slake. Right so this markys fulliche hath purposed To tempte his wyf, as he was first disposed. He waiteth, if by word or contenance That she to hym was changed of corage; But nevere koude he fynde variance, She was ay oon in herte and in visage. And ay the forther that she was in age, The moore trewe, if that it were possible- She was to hym in love, and moore penyble. For which it semed thus, that of hem two Ther nas but o wyl; for, as Walter leste, The same lust was hir plesance also, And, God be thanked, al fil for the beste. She shewed wel, for no worldly unreste A wyf as of hirself no thing ne sholde Wille in effect, but as hir housbonde wolde. The sclaundre of Walter ofte and wyde spradde, That of a crueel herte he wikkedly, For he a povre womman wedded hadde, Hath mordred bothe his children prively.- Swich murmur was among hem comunly; No wonder is, for to the peples ere Ther cam no word, but that they mordred were. For which, wher as his peple therbifore Hadde loved hym wel, the sclaundre of his diffame Made hem, that they hym hatede therfore. To been a mordrere is an hateful name; But nathelees, for ernest ne for game He of his crueel purpos nolde stente: To tempte his wyf was set al his entente. Whan that his doghter twelf yeer was of age, He to the court of Rome in subtil wyse Enformed of his wyl sente his message, Comaundynge hem swiche bulles to devyse As to his crueel purpos may suffyse, How that the pope as for his peples reste Bad hym to wedde another, if hym leste. I seye, he bad they sholde countrefete The popes bulles, makynge mencioun That he hath leve his firste wyf to lete As by the popes dispensacioun, To stynte rancour and dissencioun Bitwixe his peple and hym, thus seyde the bulle, The which they han publiced atte fulle. The rude peple, as it no wonder is, Wenden ful wel that it hadde be right so; But whan thise tidynges cam to Grisildis, I deeme that hir herte was ful wo. But she, ylike sad for everemo, Disposed was, this humble creature, The adversitee of Fortune al t'endure, Abidynge evere his lust and his plesance To whom that she was yeven, herte and al, As to hire verray worldly suffisance. But shortly, if this storie I tellen shal, This markys writen hath in special A lettre, in which he sheweth his entente, And secreely he to Boloigne it sente; To the Erl of Panyk, which that hadde tho Wedded his suster, preyde he specially To bryngen hoom agayn hise children two, In honurable estaat al openly; But o thyng he hym preyede outrely, That he to no wight, though men wolde enquere, Sholde nat telle whos children that they were, But seye, the mayden sholde ywedded be Unto the Markys of Saluce anon. And as this Erl was preyed, so dide he; For at day set he on his wey is goon Toward Saluce, and lordes many oon, In riche array this mayden for to gyde, Hir yonge brother ridynge hir bisyde. Arrayed was toward hir mariage This fresshe mayde, ful of gemmes cleere; Hir brother, which that seven yeer was of age, Arrayed eek ful fressh in his manere. And thus in greet noblesse, and with glad cheere, Toward Saluces shapynge hir journey, Fro day to day they ryden in hir wey. Explicit quarta pars. Here ends the fourth part Sequitur pars quinta. Here follows the fifth part Among al this, after his wikke usage, This markys yet his wyf to tempte moore To the outtreste preeve of hir corage, Fully to han experience and loore, If that she were as stidefast as bifoore, He on a day in open audience Ful boistously hath seyd hir this sentence. "Certes, Grisilde, I hadde ynogh plesance, To han yow to my wyf for your goodnesse, As for youre trouthe, and for your obeisance - Noght for youre lynage, ne for youre richesse; But now knowe I, in verray soothfastnesse, That in greet lordshipe, if I wel avyse, Ther is greet servitute in sondry wyse. I may nat doon as every plowman may; My peple me constreyneth for to take Another wyf, and crien day by day, And eek the pope, rancour for to slake, Consenteth it, that dar I undertake - And trewely thus muche I wol yow seye, My newe wyf is comynge by the weye. Be strong of herte, and voyde anon hir place, And thilke dower that ye broghten me Taak it agayn, I graunte it of my grace. Retourneth to youre fadres hous," quod he; "No man may alwey han prosperitee. With evene herte I rede yow t'endure This strook of Fortune or of aventure." And she answerde agayn in pacience, "My lord," quod she, "I woot and wiste alway How that bitwixen youre magnificence And my poverte, no wight kan ne may Maken comparisoun; it is no nay. I ne heeld me nevere digne in no manere To be your wyf, no, ne youre chamberere. And in this hous ther ye me lady maade - The heighe God take I for my witnesse, And also wysly he my soule glaade - I nevere heeld me lady ne maistresse, But humble servant to youre worthynesse, And evere shal whil that my lyf may dure Aboven every worldly creature. That ye so longe of youre benignitee Han holden me in honour and nobleye, Wher as I was noght worthy for to bee, That thonke I God and yow, to whom I preye Foryelde it yow; ther is namoore to seye. Unto my fader gladly wol I wende, And with hym dwelle unto my lyves ende. Ther I was fostred of a child ful smal, Til I be deed, my lyf ther wol I lede, A wydwe clene in body, herte, and al, For sith I yaf to yow my maydenhede And am youre trewe wyf, it is no drede, God shilde swich a lordes wyf to take Another man, to housbonde or to make. And of youre newe wyf, God of his grace So graunte yow wele and prosperitee, For I wol gladly yelden hir my place In which that I was blisful wont to bee. For sith it liketh yow my lord," quod shee, "That whilom weren al myn hertes reste, That I shal goon, I wol goon whan yow leste. But ther as ye me profre swich dowaire As I first broghte, it is wel in my mynde It were my wrecched clothes, no thyng faire, The whiche to me were hard now for to fynde. O goode God! how gentil and how kynde Ye semed by youre speche and youre visage The day that maked was oure mariage! But sooth is seyd - algate I fynde it trewe, For in effect it preeved is on me - Love is noght oold, as whan that it is newe, But certes, lord, for noon adversitee, To dyen in the cas it shal nat bee That evere in word or werk I shal repente That I yow yaf myn herte in hool entente. My lord, ye woot that in my fadres place Ye dide me streepe out of my povre weede, And richely me cladden of youre grace. To yow broghte I noght elles, out of drede, But feith, and nakednesse, and maydenhede. And heere agayn my clothyng I restoore, And eek my weddyng ryng for everemore. The remenant of youre jueles redy be In-with youre chambre, dar I saufly sayn. Naked out of my fadres hous," quod she, "I cam, and naked moot I turne agayn. Al your plesance wol I folwen fayn, But yet I hope it be nat your entente That I smoklees out of your paleys wente. Ye koude nat doon so dishonest a thyng, That thilke wombe in which your children leye, Sholde biforn the peple in my walkyng Be seyn al bare; wherfore I yow preye, Lat me nat lyk a worm go by the weye! Remembre yow, myn owene lord so deere, I was your wyf, though I unworthy weere. Wherfore, in gerdoun of my maydenhede Which that I broghte, and noght agayn I bere, As voucheth sauf to yeve me to my meede But swich a smok as I was wont to were, That I therwith may wrye the wombe of here That was your wyf. And heer take I my leeve Of yow, myn owene lord, lest I yow greve." "The smok," quod he, "that thou hast on thy bak, Lat it be stille, and bere it forth with thee." But wel unnethes thilke word he spak, But wente his wey for routhe and for pitee. Biforn the folk hirselven strepeth she, And in hir smok, with heed and foot al bare, Toward hir fader hous forth is she fare. The folk hir folwe, wepynge in hir weye, And Fortune ay they cursen, as they goon; But she fro wepyng kepte hir eyen dreye, Ne in this tyme word ne spak she noon. Hir fader, that this tidynge herde anoon, Curseth the day and tyme that nature Shoop hym to been a lyves creature. For out of doute this olde povre man Was evere in suspect of hir mariage, For evere he demed, sith that it bigan, That whan the lord fulfild hadde his corage, Hym wolde thynke it were a disparage To his estaat, so lowe for talighte, And voyden hir as soone as ever he myghte. Agayns his doghter hastily goth he, For he by noyse of folk knew hir comynge, And with hir olde coote, as it myghte be, He covered hir, ful sorwefully wepynge, But on hir body myghte he it nat brynge. For rude was the clooth, and moore of age By dayes fele than at hir mariage. Thus with hir fader for a certeyn space Dwelleth this flour of wyfly pacience, That neither by hir wordes ne hir face, Biforn the folk, ne eek in hir absence, Ne shewed she that hir was doon offence, Ne of hir heighe estaat no remembraunce Ne hadde she, as by hir contenaunce. No wonder is, for in hir grete estaat Hire goost was evere in pleyn humylitee. No tendre mouth, noon herte delicaat, No pompe, no semblant of roialtee, But ful of pacient benyngnytee, Discreet and pridelees, ay honurable, And to hire housbonde evere meke and stable. Men speke of Job, and moost for his humblesse, As clerkes whan hem list konne wel endite, Namely of men; but as in soothfastnesse, Though clerkes preise wommen but a lite, Ther kan no man in humblesse hym acquite, As womman kan, ne kan been half so trewe As wommen been, but it be falle of newe. Pars s**ta. Sixth part Fro Boloigne is this Erl of Panyk come, Of which the fame up sprang to moore and lesse, And in the peples eres, alle and some, Was kouth eek that a newe markysesse He with hym broghte, in swich pompe and richesse, That nevere was ther seyn with mannes eye So noble array in al Westlumbardye. The markys, which that shoop and knew al this, Er that this Erl was come, sente his message For thilke sely povre Grisildis; And she with humble herte and glad visage, Nat with no swollen thoght in hire corage Cam at his heste, and on hir knees hire sette, And reverently and wysely she hym grette. "Grisilde," quod he, "my wyl is outrely This mayden, that shal wedded been to me, Received be to-morwe as roially As it possible is in myn hous to be; And eek that every wight in his degree Have his estaat in sittyng and servyse And heigh plesaunce, as I kan best devyse. I have no wommen, suffisaunt, certayn, The chambres for t'arraye in ordinaunce After my lust, and therfore wolde I fayn That thyn were al swich manere governaunce; Thou knowest eek of olde al my plesaunce, Thogh thyn array be badde and yvel biseye, Do thou thy devoir at the leeste weye." "Nat oonly lord, that I am glad," quod she, "To doon your lust, but I desire also Yow for to serve and plese in my degree Withouten feyntyng, and shal everemo. Ne nevere, for no wele ne no wo, Ne shal the goost withinne myn herte stente To love yow best with al my trewe entente." And with that word she gan the hous to dighte, And tables for to sette, and beddes make, And peyned hir to doon al that she myghte, Preyynge the chambereres for Goddes sake To hasten hem, and faste swepe and shake, And she, the mooste servysable of alle, Hath every chambre arrayed, and his halle. Abouten undren gan this Erl alighte, That with hym broghte thise noble children tweye, For which the peple ran to seen the sighte Of hire array, so richely biseye; And thanne at erst amonges hem they seye, That Walter was no fool, thogh that hym leste To chaunge his wyf, for it was for the beste. "For she is fairer," as they deemen alle, "Than is Grisilde, and moore tendre of age, And fairer fruyt bitwene hem sholde falle, And moore plesant for hir heigh lynage." Hir brother eek so faire was of visage, That hem to seen the peple hath caught plesaunce, Commendynge now the markys governaunce. "O stormy peple, unsad and evere untrewe! Ay undiscreet and chaungynge as a vane, Delitynge evere in rumbul that is newe; For lyk the moone ay wexe ye and wane, Ay ful of clappyng, deere ynogh a jane, Youre doom is fals, youre constance yvele preeveth, A ful greet fool is he that on yow leeveth!" Thus seyden sadde folk in that citee, Whan that the peple gazed up and doun, For they were glad right for the noveltee To han a newe lady of hir toun. Namoore of this make I now mencioun, But to Grisilde agayn wol I me dresse, And telle hir constance and hir bisynesse. Ful bisy was Grisilde in every thyng That to the feeste was apertinent. Right noght was she abayst of hir clothyng, Thogh it were rude and somdeel eek torent, But with glad cheere to the yate is went With oother folk to greete the markysesse, And after that dooth forth hir bisynesse. With so glad chiere hise gestes she receyveth, And konnyngly everich in his degree, That no defaute no man aperceyveth, But ay they wondren what she myghte bee That in so povre array was for to see, And koude swich honour and reverence; And worthily they preisen hire prudence. In al this meenewhile she ne stente This mayde and eek hir brother to commende With al hir herte, in ful benyngne entente, So wel that no man koude hir pris amende But atte laste, whan that thise lordes wende To sitten doun to mete, he gan to calle Grisilde, as she was bisy in his halle. "Grisilde," quod he, as it were in his pley, "How liketh thee my wyf and hir beautee?" "Right wel," quod she, "my lord, for in good fey A fairer saugh I nevere noon than she. I prey to God yeve hir prosperitee, And so hope I that he wol to yow sende Plesance ynogh unto youre lyves ende. O thyng biseke I yow, and warne also That ye ne prikke with no tormentynge This tendre mayden, as ye han doon mo; For she is fostred in hir norissynge Moore tendrely, and to my supposynge She koude nat adversitee endure, As koude a povre fostred creature." And whan this Walter saugh hir pacience, Hir glade chiere, and no malice at al, And he so ofte had doon to hir offence And she ay sad and constant as a wal, Continuynge evere hir innocence overal, This sturdy markys gan his herte dresse To rewen upon hir wyfly stedfastnesse. "This is ynogh Grisilde myn," quod he, "Be now namoore agast, ne yvele apayed. I have thy feith and thy benyngnytee As wel as evere womman was, a**ayed In greet estaat, and povreliche arrayed; Now knowe I, goode wyf, thy stedfastnesse!" And hire in armes took, and gan hir kesse. And she for wonder took of it no keep. She herde nat, what thyng he to hir seyde. She ferde as she had stert out of a sleep, Til she out of hire mazednesse abreyde. "Grisilde," quod he, "by God that for us deyde, Thou art my wyf, ne noon oother I have, Ne nevere hadde, as God my soule save. This is thy doghter which thou hast supposed To be my wyf; that oother feithfully Shal be myn heir, as I have ay purposed; Thou bare hym in thy body trewely. At Boloigne have I kept hem prively. Taak hem agayn, for now maystow nat seye That thou hast lorn noon of thy children tweye. And folk that ootherweys han seyd of me, I warne hem wel that I have doon this deede For no malice, ne for no crueltee, But for t'a**aye in thee thy wommanheede, And not to sleen my children - God forbeede! - But for to kepe hem pryvely and stille, Til I thy purpos knewe and al thy wille." Whan she this herde, aswowne doun she falleth For pitous joye, and after hir swownynge She bothe hir yonge children unto hir calleth, And in hir armes pitously wepynge Embraceth hem, and tendrely kissynge Ful lyk a mooder, with hir salte teeres She bathed bothe hir visage and hir heeres. O, which a pitous thyng it was to se Hir swownyng, and hir humble voys to heere! "Grauntmercy, lord, that thanke I yow," quod she, "That ye han saved me my children deere! Now rekke I nevere to been deed right heere. Sith I stonde in your love and in your grace, No fors of deeth, ne whan my spirit pace! O tendre, O deere, O yonge children myne! Your woful mooder wende stedfastly That crueel houndes, or som foul vermyne Hadde eten yow; but God of his mercy And youre benyngne fader tendrely Hath doon yow kept," - and in that same stounde Al sodeynly she swapte adoun to grounde. And in hir swough so sadly holdeth she Hire children two, whan she gan hem t'embrace, That with greet sleighte and greet difficultee The children from hire arm they gonne arace. O many a teere on many a pitous face Doun ran, of hem that stooden hir bisyde; Unnethe abouten hir myghte they abyde. Walter hir gladeth, and hir sorwe slaketh, She riseth up abaysed from hir traunce, And every wight hir joye and feeste maketh, Til she hath caught agayn hir contenaunce. Walter hire dooth so feithfully plesaunce, That it was deyntee for to seen the cheere. Bitwixe hem two, now they been met yfeere. Thise ladyes, whan that they hir tyme say, Han taken hir and into chambre gon, And strepen hire out of hir rude array And in a clooth of gold that brighte shoon, With a coroune of many a riche stoon Upon hir heed, they into halle hir broghte, And ther she was honured as hire oghte. Thus hath this pitous day a blisful ende, For every man and womman dooth his myght This day in murthe and revel to dispende, Til on the welkne shoon the sterres lyght. For moore solempne in every mannes syght This feste was, and gretter of costage, Than was the revel of hire mariage. Ful many a yeer in heigh prosperitee Lyven thise two in concord and in reste. And richely his doghter maryed he Unto a lord, oon of the worthieste Of al Ytaille, and thanne in pees and reste His wyves fader in his court he kepeth, Til that the soule out of his body crepeth. His sone succedeth in his heritage In reste and pees, after his fader day, And fortunat was eek in mariage- Al putte he nat his wyf in greet a**ay; This world is nat so strong, it is no nay, As it hath been of olde tymes yoore. And herkneth what this auctour seith therfore. This storie is seyd, nat for that wyves sholde Folwen Grisilde as in humylitee, For it were inportable, though they wolde, But for that every wight in his degree Sholde be constant in adversitee As was Grisilde. Therfore Petrark writeth This storie, which with heigh stile he enditeth. For sith a womman was so pacient Unto a mortal man, wel moore us oghte Receyven al in gree that God us sent. For greet skile is, he preeve that he wroghte. But he ne tempteth no man that he boghte, As seith Seint Jame, if ye his pistel rede; He preeveth folk al day, it is no drede, And suffreth us, as for oure excercise, With sharpe scourges of adversitee Ful ofte to be bete in sondry wise, Nat for to knowe oure wyl, for certes he Er we were born knew al oure freletee, And for oure beste is al his governaunce. Lat us thanne lyve in vertuous suffraunce. But o word, lordynges, herkneth er I go, It were ful hard to fynde nowadayes In al a toun Grisildis thre or two; For it that they were put to swiche a**ayes, The gold of hem hath now so badde alayes With bras, that thogh the coyne be fair at eye, It wolde rather breste atwo than plye. For which, heere for the Wyves love of Bathe, Whos lyf and al hir seete God mayntene In heigh maistrie, and elles were it scathe, I wol with lusty herte fressh and grene Seyn yow a song, to glade yow, I wene, And lat us stynte of ernestful matere. Herkneth my song, that seith in this manere. Lenvoy de Chaucer Grisilde is deed, and eek hire pacience, And bothe atones buryed in Ytaille, For which I crie in open audience No wedded man so hardy be t'a**aille His wyves pacience, in hope to fynde Grisildis, for in certein he shal faille. O noble wyves, ful of heigh prudence, Lat noon humylitee youre tonge naille, Ne lat no clerk have cause or diligence To write of yow a storie of swich mervaille As of Grisildis, pacient and kynde, Lest Chichivache yow swelwe in hire entraille! Folweth Ekko, that holdeth no silence, But evere answereth at the countretaille; Beth nat bidaffed for youre innocence, But sharply taak on yow the governaille. Emprenteth wel this lessoun in youre mynde For commune profit, sith it may availle. Ye archiwyves, stondeth at defense, Syn ye be strong as is a greet camaille. Ne suffreth nat that men yow doon offense, And sklendre wyves, fieble as in bataille, Beth egre as is a tygre yond in Ynde, Ay clappeth as a mille, I yow consaille. Ne dreed hem nat, doth hem no reverence, For though thyn housbonde armed be in maille, The arwes of thy crabbed eloquence Shal perce his brest and eek his aventaille. In jalousie I rede eek thou hym bynde, And thou shalt make hym couche as doth a quaille. If thou be fair, ther folk been in presence Shewe thou thy visage and thyn apparaille; If thou be foul, be fre of thy dispence, To gete thee freendes ay do thy travaille, Be ay of chiere as light as leef on lynde, And lat hym care, and wepe, and wryng, and waille. Bihoold the murye Wordes of the Hoost. This worthy clerk, whan ended was his tale, Oure hoost seyde, and swoor by goddes bones, Me were levere than a barel ale Me wyf at hoom had herd this legende ones; This is a gentil tale for the nones, As to my purpos, wiste ye my wille,- But thyng that wol nat be, lat it be stille." Heere endeth the Tale of the Clerk of Oxenford.